無(wu)論(lun)是天(tian)然(ran)氣液(ye)化廠(chang)還(huan)是LNG接收終(zhong)端，LNG儲(chu)罐的投資都占有很高的比(bi)例，尤其是LNG接收終(zhong)端，儲罐(guan)投資約占總投資的30 ~ 40%。可見，LNG儲罐(guan)是整個LNG產(chan)業鏈中(zhong)非常(chang)重(zhong)要的一環。液(ye)化天然氣儲(chu)罐用于儲(chu)存-162的超低溫液化天然氣液體。為(wei)了保持儲罐內(nei)的液體處于超低溫狀態，儲罐的壁、底部和頂部應配備隔(ge)熱材料。由(you)于新型自(zi)立式LNG儲罐復合內罐的外翅片結構，傳統的內彈性氈外膨脹珍珠巖罐壁保溫方案存在材料松散、沉降變形、長期保溫性能不穩定、使用壽命低等問題。現有的儲罐主要有單容量儲罐、雙容量儲罐和全容量儲罐。與全容量儲罐相比，雙容量儲罐具有相似的投資和交付周期，但安全水平較低。現在對于快易冷低溫儲罐設計，舊的沒有被選擇。此外，全容量儲罐雖然安全性更好，占地面積更小，但結構更復雜，建設周期更長，建設成本更高。

為了解(jie)決(jue)上述問題，技術人員研發出一(yi)種快易冷低溫儲罐(guan)，其結構穩定性好，長期使用保溫性能穩定，不(bu)易開裂、滲水(shui)、變形等(deng)問題(ti)，低溫保溫能力好。該快易冷低溫儲罐包(bao)括罐體，所述罐體由(you)外向內包(bao)括外層(ceng)(ceng)、硬質(zhi)保溫層(ceng)(ceng)和內層(ceng)(ceng)；硬質(zhi)絕緣層(ceng)(ceng)填(tian)充在(zai)外層(ceng)(ceng)和內層(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間；硬絕緣層(ceng)(ceng)為由(you)泡沫玻璃層(ceng)(ceng)和/或聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)組成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)單層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或多層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)結構；硬(ying)(ying)質保(bao)溫層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)罐體底部(bu)至(zhi)少有一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。硬(ying)(ying)質保(bao)溫層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)罐體底部(bu)和中部(bu)至(zhi)少有一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)由無(wu)機(ji)非金屬材料或木材制成(cheng)(cheng)。墊(dian)(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)由堅硬(ying)(ying)、耐(nai)溫的(de)(de)無(wu)機(ji)材料或經過防火防水處理的(de)(de)木質材料制成(cheng)(cheng)。形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)緩沖(chong)空間(jian)(jian)可以起到(dao)輔助防漏的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，當內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)破損泄漏時，緩沖(chong)空間(jian)(jian)可以起到(dao)容納和保(bao)護的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，大(da)大(da)提(ti)(ti)高了(le)儲(chu)罐的(de)(de)安全性，起到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)緩沖(chong)作(zuo)用(yong)，提(ti)(ti)高了(le)設備的(de)(de)安全性。外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)與(yu)硬(ying)(ying)絕緣層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)和/或硬(ying)絕緣層(ceng)(ceng)與內層(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)還(huan)設有(you)保(bao)(bao)護層(ceng)(ceng)，保(bao)(bao)護層(ceng)(ceng)將(jiang)內層(ceng)(ceng)包裹成(cheng)密封的整體。每個(ge)保(bao)(bao)溫層(ceng)(ceng)包括多個(ge)保(bao)(bao)溫砌塊(kuai)單元，相鄰的兩個(ge)保(bao)(bao)溫砌塊(kuai)單元之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)留有(you)5-10毫(hao)米(mi)的(de)伸(shen)縮縫，伸(shen)縮縫用軟(ruan)質保溫材料填(tian)充密封。

快易冷(leng)低溫(wen)儲罐保護層具有由(you)玻璃(li)纖(xian)維布和/或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)鋁箔形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)至少兩層(ceng)。本發明保護層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)技術方(fang)案在(zai)罐體(ti)(ti)內部(bu)形成(cheng)(cheng)封閉的(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，可(ke)以有(you)效(xiao)起(qi)到安(an)全保護的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。發生泄漏后(hou)，保護層(ceng)將泄漏的(de)(de)(de)氣體(ti)(ti)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)液體(ti)(ti)包裹(guo)在(zai)內部(bu)，避免溢出或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)影(ying)響外(wai)(wai)部(bu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，從而大(da)大(da)提高了儲罐的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)安(an)全性，降低了應(ying)用(yong)和(he)建(jian)設成(cheng)(cheng)本。內層(ceng)采用(yong)不銹(xiu)鋼、九(jiu)鎳鋼或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)因瓦金屬(shu)(shu)圓筒(tong)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)。金屬(shu)(shu)筒(tong)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)由金屬(shu)(shu)板焊接而成(cheng)(cheng)，形成(cheng)(cheng)儲料倉。金屬(shu)(shu)圓柱體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)非(fei)(fei)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)。金屬(shu)(shu)圓筒(tong)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)(fei)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)形式包括但不限于波(bo)紋表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)、凹(ao)凸(tu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)、波(bo)狀表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)層(ceng)壓表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。外(wai)(wai)層(ceng)為混凝土結(jie)(jie)構(gou)層(ceng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)金屬(shu)(shu)層(ceng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)混凝土與鋼筋結(jie)(jie)構(gou)形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)復合結(jie)(jie)構(gou)層(ceng)。加強結(jie)(jie)構(gou)是(shi)金屬(shu)(shu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)非(fei)(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)。外(wai)(wai)層(ceng)和(he)硬絕緣層(ceng)之間(jian)還設有(you)防潮層(ceng)，保護層(ceng)由玻璃纖維布和/或鋁箔制(zhi)成，外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)為防潮層(ceng)(ceng)，防潮層包(bao)括防水(shui)防潮涂層或膠膜。

綜上所述，上述快易冷低溫儲罐的有益效果：該快易冷低溫儲罐改(gai)進了儲(chu)(chu)罐(guan)的(de)結構，與現有(you)的(de)單容(rong)器、雙容(rong)器和(he)全容(rong)器儲(chu)(chu)罐(guan)相(xiang)比，具有(you)明顯的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)優勢，有(you)利(li)于(yu)操作和(he)維護，提高(gao)了保溫效率(lv)和(he)利(li)用水平，有(you)利(li)于(yu)提高(gao)儲(chu)(chu)罐(guan)的(de)使(shi)用安全性。